Minutes of the IOPW Steering Committee, October 4, 2010 (Pasadena Sheraton)

Present:
Permanent members Chris Russell, Robert West, Imke de Pater rotating member Leigh Fletcher
Discipline chairs:
Ricardo Hueso (Jupiter/Saturn) Larry Sromovsky, substituting for Heidi Hammel (Uranus/Neptune)
Kiruthika Devaraj, filling in for Paul Steffes (laboratory support)

Missing:
Henry Roe sent his regrets. This is the first DPS he will miss since 1998. His flimsy excuse was that he has to been in Santiago that week. But he sent in a John Clarke wasn't at the meeting in until Wednesday.
Franck Marchis wasn't in until Tuesday afternoon.

M. Lystrup was suggested as a possible rotating member; the committee agreed and she later accepted.

Leigh Fletcher noted a few points:

1. The need to reply to the Gemini request for inputs on their transitional plan in favour of mid-IR instrumentation.
2. Availability of Jupiter VLT/VISIR observations (June/July 2010) and Gemini/TRECS observations (September 2010), plus Target of Opportunity (ToO) proposals to VLT for the revival of the SEB.
3. Should we be promoting a standard format for video/imaging from amateur observers to allow easier analysis in scientific publications?

From Ricardo Hueso's notes:

- Role of amateurs in the current research of planetary atmospheres. Ways to involve them. We discussed if the AAS has a prize for recognizing work done by amateur astronomers and if that could be applied by people doing outstanding work in planetary atmospheres (Christopher Go and Anthony Wesley could be nominated towards such a prize).
- We also considered a proposal by Leigh Fletcher to look at the success of the Galaxy Zoo project which could inspire some proyect in our field.
- We discussed if someone was actively observing for detecting fireballs in Jupiter but the answer was no. There are terabytes of video data in computers from different observers and we need to develop an automatic software for analysis of that data. Our group has initiated this step but we are progressing more slowly than expected.
- A final comment was devoted to the difficulties and pressure to obtain observing time in HST where is getting harder and harder to get a successfull proposal related with planetary sciences.

Glenn noted that there was a nice session involving amateur-professional relationships/interactions at the EPSC two weeks prior to the DPS; the DPS and IOPW might promote a similar session with a larger number of amateur and professionals at Nantes DPS, even if it's a "workshop" that takes place on the weekend.

Reports from various sub-disciplines:

Titan, Henry Roe

Our extended group has continued multi-telescope observations of Titan's methane weather. We have programs at IRTF to use SPeX in a service mode to grab a quick spectrum on as many nights as possible and a ToO program at Gemini (both North and South) to obtain snapshot resolved imaging on numerous nights. We also continue to work to develop small telescope photometric monitoring sites for filling in the temporal gaps and helping to trigger large telescope ToO's.

Uranus/Neptune, Heidi B. Hammel

Observations and analyses of the ice giants continued unabated this past year, despite Jupiter's repeated attempts to distract us with impacts. K. Rages has continued to get a few Hubble snapshots of both planets, and their clouds continue to percolate in unexpected ways. M. Showalter also has Hubble time for satellites and throws in an occasional planet picture to placate us (and also has a movie from Hubble data). E. Karkoscka has analyzed Hubble STIS data. L. Trafton continues analysis of Hubble NICMOS data as well. I. de Pater obtained UC Keck time for ice giants in 2010 (which is good because zero ice giant time was given via NASA in 2010). S. Lusczc-Cooke published some awesome Keck data that shows dynamic activity at Neptune's south pole, hinting at the possibility of a polar vortex there. Pat Irwin has been busy with spectroscopy of the ice giants. W. Lockwood of Lowell maintained his multi-decade photometric program (Neptune's multi-year flattening continued; Uranus is seems to have finally bottomed out but a distinctly higher brightness than the previous equinox - asymmetric planet?). E. Lellouch published Herschel/PACS spectra of Neptune, and L. Fletcher published AKARI Neptune spectra. Mark Hofstadter has updates to the radio and sub-mm, and Glenn has a whole lot of infrared data. Bob Jacobson published updates on Neptune's gravity field and pole orientation, and is working on similar updates for Uranus (and updated the Voyager spacecraft trajectory in NAIF as part of that work). There has also been quite a bit of theoretical work as well (see bibliography below). I am sure I have forgotten a few things, but the bottom line is that there a lot of good work going on. Finally, there are two (2!) ESA M-class mission proposals that I am aware of that promote ice giant flybys; one is "Uranus Pathfinder" by . Arridge et al., and the other is a fundamental physics mission "Odyssey" by B. Christophe et al. that happens to fly by an ice giant.

Here is a partial 2010 bibliography of peer-reviewed journal articles that mention Uranus and/or Neptune according to the ADS:

Dobrijevic et al. (2010) Key reactions in the photochemistry of hydrocarbons in Neptune's stratosphere. planss 58, 1555-1566.
Li et al. (2010) Embryo Impacts and Gas Giant Mergers. I. Dichotomy of Jupiter and Saturn's Core Mass. apj 720, 1161-1173.
Hueso et al. (2010) The international outer planets watch atmospheres node database of giant-planet images. planss 58, 1152-1159.
Luszcz-Cook et al. (2010) Seeing double at Neptune{\rsquo}s south pole. icarus 208, 938-944.
Dunn et al. (2010) Modeling the uranian rings at 2.2 {$\mu$}m: Comparison with Keck AO data from July 2004. icarus 208, 927-937.
Irwin et al. (2010) Revised vertical cloud structure of Uranus from UKIRT/UIST observations and changes seen during Uranus{\rsquo} Northern Spring Equinox from 2006 to 2008: Application of new methane absorption data and comparison with Neptune. icarus 208, 913-926.
Lellouch et al. (2010) First results of Herschel-PACS observations of Neptune. aap 518, L152.
Krupp et al. (2010) Environments in the Outer Solar System. ssr 61.
Stevenson (2010) Planetary Magnetic Fields: Achievements and Prospects. ssr 152, 651-664.
Fortney and Nettelmann (2010) The Interior Structure, Composition, and Evolution of Giant Planets. ssr 152, 423-447.
Russell and Dougherty (2010) Magnetic Fields of the Outer Planets. ssr 152, 251-269.
Dodson-Robinson and Bodenheimer (2010) The formation of Uranus and Neptune in solid-rich feeding zones: Connecting chemistry and dynamics. icarus 207, 491-498.
Lian and Showman (2010) Generation of equatorial jets by large-scale latent heating on the giant planets. icarus 207, 373-393.
Fletcher et al. (2010) Neptune's atmospheric composition from AKARI infrared spectroscopy. aap 514, A17.
Karkoschka and Tomasko (2010) Methane absorption coefficients for the jovian planets from laboratory, Huygens, and HST data. icarus 205, 674-694.

Jupiter/Saturn Atmosphere Node, Ricardo Hueso, Chair

Assisted:
G. S. Orton, M. Sussman, P. Fry, P.Yanamandra-Fisher, D. Choi, Norwood, K. Sayanagi, M. Wong, P. Strycker, L. Sromovsky, P. Irwin, K. Matcheva, U. Dyudina, M. Shannon, K. Rages and some others
Many publications came out this year from the 2009 Wesley impact and the 2010 Go-Wesley fireball that left no detectable effect in Jupiter's clouds or temperature. Jupiter's South Equatorial Belt was noted as being in the middle of a classical 'fade' (whitening) sequence.
The Atmospheres Node held a 2hr meeting at the 2010 DPS meeting subsequent to the Steering Committee meeting that was focused on Jupiter activity. There were short presentations by G.Orton (Jupiter and Saturn thermal IR observations), L.Fletcher (Jupiter's Faded SEB, thermal IR data), R. Hueso (IOPW-PVOL database status), K. Sayanagi (Benchmarks for cloud tracking algorithms, Saturn's hexagon as observed by Cassini). We had some very preliminary discussions about organizing software and observing a network of amateur collaborators for detecting fireballs in Jupiter.

Laboratory Spectroscopy Node, Paul Steffes (delivered by Kiruthika Devaraj)

The Georgia Tech lab measurement campaign measurements continues, and these results can be used by the atmospheric modelers for accurate retrievals of the abundance profiles of various species in the outer planets, including:
1. The high pressure opacity of ammonia at centimeter wavelengths.
2. The issue of water vapor broadening of ammonia under jovian conditions and the Georgia Tech experimental campaign to understand this effect
3. Development of the consistent model for the centimeter and millimeter wavelength opacity of ammonia at pressures up to 20 bars.
4. Georgia Tech work on the measurements of the microwave properties of aqueous ammonia clouds.

Aurora, Torus, Magnetospheres, John Clarke

Most activity in the past year has been on the Saturn system, with the continued activity on Cassini and supporting observations. Cassini continues to return excellent data, and as time goes on the science teams are finding more time to work on their data. The publication of the Saturn and Titan books has produced fairly coherent pictures of the state of the Saturn system, with which new data can be compared. For remote observations, there have been continuing HST observations, and 2 new Saturn programs accepted for the next cycle, PI's are Nichols and Gerard. The Nichols et al. program will go for 3 years, and several new papers based on HST data have been published. We are updating the IOPW web site to include the most recent pub's. There have also been ground-based IR H3+ observations, mainly from T. Stallard and his group. For Saturn's aurora, one highlight is the detection of an Enceladus auroral footprint from Cassini UVIS data (Pryor, Rymer, et al.), with a paper under review at Nature. The internal clock of Saturn continues to change time, and the final explanation eludes us.